Madeline June Craig
4/5/11
English
Dred Scott v. Sandford Outline
I. Introduction
1. Life
2. Court case and decision
3. If Scott had won the case
II. Life
1.Birth date unknown
2. Marriage
A. Married teenage Harriet Robinson in 1836
3. Children
A. Dred and Harriet Scott had two daughters: Eliza and Lizzie.
4. Death
A. Dred Scott died in 1858 (about a year and a half after he was freed).
III. Court case and decision
1. Dred and Harriet Scott
A. Sue Mrs. Emerson in Missouri for their freedom. (April 6, 1846)
B. Originally, they sued as two separate cases, but the judge combined
them because they were identical.
2. Dred Scott v. Irene Emerson
A. Began June 30, 1847 in the Circuit Court of St. Louis County
B. Scott’s lawyer argued Scott became free when Emerson took him to live in the free state of Illinois.
C. Defense argued that they could not prove that Mrs. Emerson had kept the Scotts as slaves in Illinois.
D. On the same day, the judge ruled that the plaintiff was not able to prove he was a slave in Illinois.
E. Dred and Harriet remained Mrs. Emerson’s slaves.
F. The Scotts appealed and the Missouri Supreme Court orders a retrial.
G. Second trial begins January 12, 1850 in St. Louis Circuit Court.
H. In the second trial, a jury of 12 white men granted the Scotts their freedom.
I. Emerson appealed to the Missouri supreme court.
J. March 22, 1852, the Missouri Supreme Court ruled that the state of Missouri did not have to enforce laws of the state of Illinois.
K. The Scotts had to go back to being slaves.
3. Dred Scott v. Sandford
A. Irene Emerson’s brother, John Sanford manages his widowed sister’s estate.
B. On November 2, 1853, Dred Scott files a case against Sanford.
C. In May of 1854, the U.S. Circuit Court confirmed the Missouri Supreme Court’s decision.
D. Dred appeals to the U.S. Supreme Court.
E. In 1856, Dred Scott v. Sandford is heard by the U.S. Supreme Court (Sanford’s name is misspelled in court reports)
F. The Supreme Court made its decision on March 6, 1857.
1. Scott was not a citizen, so he could not sue in a federal court.
2. Dred Scott was Emerson’s property, and under the fifth amendment, a person’s property could not be taken without due process of law.
3. Illinois law did not apply in Missouri, so Scott became a slave again when he went back to Missouri.
4. Freedom
A. On May 26, 1857, Dred and his family were transferred to Taylor Blow.
B. That same day, Taylor Blow freed the Scotts.
C. After being freed, Dred Scott worked as a hotel porter until his death the next year.
IV. If Scott had won the case
1. The Supreme Court’s decision that blacks were property and not people increased the outrage about slavery.
2. The outrage led to Lincoln’s election and eventually to the Civil War.
3. If the Supreme Court decision had been different, the north might not have been so angry, Lincoln not elected, and the Civil War avoided.
V. Conclusion
1. Life
2. Court case and decision
3. If Scott had won the case
II. Life
1.Birth date unknown
2. Marriage
A. Married teenage Harriet Robinson in 1836
3. Children
A. Dred and Harriet Scott had two daughters: Eliza and Lizzie.
4. Death
A. Dred Scott died in 1858 (about a year and a half after he was freed).
III. Court case and decision
1. Dred and Harriet Scott
A. Sue Mrs. Emerson in Missouri for their freedom. (April 6, 1846)
B. Originally, they sued as two separate cases, but the judge combined
them because they were identical.
2. Dred Scott v. Irene Emerson
A. Began June 30, 1847 in the Circuit Court of St. Louis County
B. Scott’s lawyer argued Scott became free when Emerson took him to live in the free state of Illinois.
C. Defense argued that they could not prove that Mrs. Emerson had kept the Scotts as slaves in Illinois.
D. On the same day, the judge ruled that the plaintiff was not able to prove he was a slave in Illinois.
E. Dred and Harriet remained Mrs. Emerson’s slaves.
F. The Scotts appealed and the Missouri Supreme Court orders a retrial.
G. Second trial begins January 12, 1850 in St. Louis Circuit Court.
H. In the second trial, a jury of 12 white men granted the Scotts their freedom.
I. Emerson appealed to the Missouri supreme court.
J. March 22, 1852, the Missouri Supreme Court ruled that the state of Missouri did not have to enforce laws of the state of Illinois.
K. The Scotts had to go back to being slaves.
3. Dred Scott v. Sandford
A. Irene Emerson’s brother, John Sanford manages his widowed sister’s estate.
B. On November 2, 1853, Dred Scott files a case against Sanford.
C. In May of 1854, the U.S. Circuit Court confirmed the Missouri Supreme Court’s decision.
D. Dred appeals to the U.S. Supreme Court.
E. In 1856, Dred Scott v. Sandford is heard by the U.S. Supreme Court (Sanford’s name is misspelled in court reports)
F. The Supreme Court made its decision on March 6, 1857.
1. Scott was not a citizen, so he could not sue in a federal court.
2. Dred Scott was Emerson’s property, and under the fifth amendment, a person’s property could not be taken without due process of law.
3. Illinois law did not apply in Missouri, so Scott became a slave again when he went back to Missouri.
4. Freedom
A. On May 26, 1857, Dred and his family were transferred to Taylor Blow.
B. That same day, Taylor Blow freed the Scotts.
C. After being freed, Dred Scott worked as a hotel porter until his death the next year.
IV. If Scott had won the case
1. The Supreme Court’s decision that blacks were property and not people increased the outrage about slavery.
2. The outrage led to Lincoln’s election and eventually to the Civil War.
3. If the Supreme Court decision had been different, the north might not have been so angry, Lincoln not elected, and the Civil War avoided.
V. Conclusion
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